Spells do not roll hit chance and cannot miss. Critical hits do not apply to spells. Every catalogue spell costs 3 action points to cast. A level-1 Wizard has 2 level-1 spell slots before any Intelligence bonus. Damaging spells roll their damage range, then add the caster's attribute modifier when the spell uses that bonus. Resistance is the default mitigation layer for spell damage: most spells skip the physical-armor reduction layer, and typed resistance can reduce the damage instead. A spell with an explicit physical component still has that part reduced by the target's physical damage reduction, such as worn armor. Individual spell lists, feat riders and shield spells are not covered here.
Rule highlight 3 of 12